<Spase xmlns="http://www.spase-group.org/data/schema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.spase-group.org/data/schema http://www.spase-group.org/data/schema/spase-2_3_2.xsd">
   <Version>2.3.2</Version>
   <NumericalData>
      <ResourceID>spase://ASWS/NumericalData/Ionogram/Sct_Ionogram</ResourceID>
      <ResourceHeader>
         <ResourceName>Australian Space Weather Services Scott Base Ionogram</ResourceName>
         <ReleaseDate>2021-03-29T17:14:50Z</ReleaseDate>
         <Description> An Ionogram is an image of frequency versus time delay (virtual height) of HF echoes from the ionosphere recorded by an ionosonde. An ionosonde is a swept frequency HF pulsed radar used to monitor the ionosphere. SWS WDC has archived ionogram data from 26 stations, 12 of them still active at present. An IPS 4D ionosonde has been sounding since 07/12/1993 at Scott Base. The 4D vertical sounding ionosondes normally sweep in frequency from about 1.0 to 21.5 MHz. Frequency step resolution for the 4D is 5 kHz, with up to 4095 steps available. The step interval is variable, becoming more coarse at higher frequencies as ionograms are generally displayed on a logarithmic scale. Every five minutes, a Ionogram data file is recorded. The raw ionogram file is recorded in a DVD monthly, which will be posted to Sydney SWS head office every month for scaling and further analysis. SWS WDC archives all raw ionogram files and cleaned ionogram files. The Scott Base digital clean ionogram data is available since 16/02/1999. The Scott Base scaled hourly ionospheric data include parameters of foF2, foF1, FoE, foEs, fbEs, fmin, fxl, f&#39;scaling F/s, M(3000)F2, h&#39;F2, h&#39;F, h&#39;E, h&#39;Es, h&#39;Scaling R/S and Type Es. They are available since 01/09/1958. The Scott Base median data of foF2 and M(3000)F2 are available since 01/1967 to 03/1957.</Description>
         <Acknowledgement>We thankful to the Antarctica New Zealand and the Space Weather Network, Bureau of Meteorology of Australia for the observations of Scott Base ionogram data.</Acknowledgement>
         <Contact>
            <PersonID>spase://ASWS/Person/Kehe.Wang</PersonID>
            <Role>GeneralContact</Role>
         </Contact>
         <Contact>
            <PersonID>spase://ASWS/Person/Kehe.Wang</PersonID>
            <Role>MetadataContact</Role>
         </Contact>
         <Contact>
            <PersonID>spase://SMWG/Person/Lee.Frost.Bargatze</PersonID>
            <Role>MetadataContact</Role>
         </Contact> 
         <InformationURL>
            <Name>Documentation (not with most browsers)</Name>
            <URL>https://downloads.sws.bom.gov.au/wdc/wdc_ion_archive/doc/</URL>
            <Description>includes descriptions of data format of raw ionogram data and clean ionogram data</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </InformationURL>
         <InformationURL>
            <Name>Softe (not with most browsers)</Name>
            <URL>https://downloads.sws.bom.gov.au/wdc/wdc_tools/ionogram_viewers/</URL>
            <Description>Softes to view clean ionogram data with scaling function</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </InformationURL>
      </ResourceHeader>
      <AccessInformation>
         <RepositoryID>spase://SMWG/Repository/SWS</RepositoryID>
         <Availability>Online</Availability>
         <AccessRights>Open</AccessRights>
         <AccessURL>
            <Name>World Data Centre: Data Display and Download: Hourly Ionospheric Data</Name>
            <URL>https://www.sws.bom.gov.au/World_Data_Centre/1/3</URL>
            <Style>Search</Style>
            <Description>includes browse display interface, button to get yearly data file and link to data availability chart</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </AccessURL>
         <Format>Text</Format>
         <Encoding>GZIP</Encoding>
      </AccessInformation>
      <AccessInformation>
         <RepositoryID>spase://SMWG/Repository/SWS</RepositoryID>
         <Availability>Online</Availability>
         <AccessRights>Open</AccessRights>
         <AccessURL>
            <Name>World Data Centre: Data Display and Download: Monthly Median Ionospheric Data</Name>
            <URL>https://www.sws.bom.gov.au/World_Data_Centre/1/4</URL>
            <Style>Search</Style>
            <Description>includes browse display interface, button to get the median data file and link to data availability chart</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </AccessURL>
         <Format>Text</Format>
         <Encoding>None</Encoding>
      </AccessInformation>
      <AccessInformation>
         <RepositoryID>spase://SMWG/Repository/SWS</RepositoryID>
         <Availability>Online</Availability>
         <AccessRights>Open</AccessRights>
         <AccessURL>
            <Name>Real Time Display</Name>
            <URL>https://www.sws.bom.gov.au/HF_Systems/1/3</URL>
            <Style>Search</Style>
            <Description>Online viewer of Real Time clean ionogram data</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </AccessURL>
         <Format>Binary</Format>
         <Encoding>None</Encoding>
      </AccessInformation>
      <AccessInformation>
         <RepositoryID>spase://SMWG/Repository/SWS</RepositoryID>
         <Availability>Online</Availability>
         <AccessRights>Open</AccessRights>
         <AccessURL>
            <Name>Access to raw and clean ionogram data (not with most browsers)</Name>
            <URL>https://downloads.sws.bom.gov.au/wdc/wdc_ion_archive/</URL>
            <Style>Listing</Style>
            <Description>Access to the raw and clean ionogram data of Scott Base IPS 4D (Auk4d)</Description>
            <Language>en</Language>
         </AccessURL>
         <Format>Binary</Format>
         <Encoding>ZIP</Encoding>
      </AccessInformation>
      <ProviderProcessingLevel>The original ionogram data are raw data, they then cleaned by reducing noise signals at the station. The manually scaled data is calibrated and the autoscaled data is uncalibrated.</ProviderProcessingLevel>
      <InstrumentID>spase://ASWS/Instrument/Ground/Scott_Base/Ionosonde</InstrumentID>
      <MeasurementType>Waves.Active</MeasurementType>
      <TemporalDescription>
         <TimeSpan>
            <StartDate>1958-09-01T00:00:00Z</StartDate>
            <RelativeStopDate>-P1D</RelativeStopDate>
            <Note>The earliest median ionospheric data since 01/09/1958. Digital clean ionogram data are current to within a day.</Note>
         </TimeSpan>
      </TemporalDescription>
      <SpectralRange>RadioFrequency</SpectralRange>
      <ObservedRegion>Earth.NearSurface.Ionosphere</ObservedRegion>
      <!-- Keywords pertaining to the data presentation -->
      <Keyword>Ionogram</Keyword>
      <Keyword>Ionospheric data</Keyword>
      <Keyword>Ionosphere</Keyword>
      <Keyword>Median ionospheric data</Keyword>
      <Keyword>Hourly ionospheric data</Keyword>
      <Keyword>Scaled parameters</Keyword>
      <!-- Keywords pertaining to the physical phenomena apping in ionogram -->
      <Parameter>
         <Name>Frequency</Name>
         <Description>Frequencies used to sonde ionopshere</Description>
         <Cadence>PT5M</Cadence>
         <Units>MHz</Units>
         <Wave>
            <WaveType>Electromagnetic</WaveType>
            <Qualifier>Directional</Qualifier>
            <Qualifier>Group</Qualifier>
            <WaveQuantity>Frequency</WaveQuantity>
            <FrequencyRange>
               <SpectralRange>RadioFrequency</SpectralRange>
               <Low>1.0</Low>
               <High>21.5</High>
               <Units>MHz</Units>
            </FrequencyRange>
         </Wave>
      </Parameter>
      <Parameter>
         <Name>Virtual Height</Name>
         <Description>The apparent height of an ionospheric layer deduced from the time delay of a reflected radio pulse upon the assumption that it travelled at the speed of light over its entire path. However, the radio wave actually slows down as it is refracted so that the virtual height is greater than the true height of the refracting layer.</Description>
         <Cadence>PT5M</Cadence>
         <Units>km</Units>
         <ValidMin>50</ValidMin>
         <ValidMax>1000</ValidMax>
         <Mixed>
            <MixedQuantity>Other</MixedQuantity>
         </Mixed>
      </Parameter>
   </NumericalData>
</Spase>
